🔄Last Updated: 10 March 2026•Originally published: 7 March 2026
Knowing basic first aid for your dog can mean the difference between life and death. This guide covers the most common emergencies with clear, step-by-step instructions. First aid is a temporary measure — always contact your vet as the priority.
Table of Contents
Poisoning
- Common poisons: chocolate, grapes/raisins, xylitol (sweetener), slug pellets, antifreeze, ibuprofen, rat poison
- DO NOT make your dog vomit unless specifically told to by a vet
- Note what was eaten, how much, and when
- Animal PoisonLine: 01202 509 000 (24/7, £35–45 per case) — they assess whether a vet visit is needed
- Take packaging/photos to the vet
Bloat / GDV (Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus)
This is the most time-critical canine emergency. Fatal within hours without surgery.
- Signs: Unproductive retching (trying to vomit, only white foam), swollen/hard belly, restlessness, drooling, collapse
- Most common in large, deep-chested breeds (Great Danes, German Shepherds, Boxers, Setters)
- Action: Call your emergency vet immediately. Drive straight there. Do NOT give food/water or massage the belly
Heatstroke
Rule: Cool first, transport second.
- Signs: Excessive panting, bright red gums, drooling, vomiting, collapse, seizures
- Move to shade/cool area immediately
- Pour/spray cool (NOT ice-cold) water over body — focus on neck, belly, thighs. Use a fan if available
- Do NOT use ice or ice-cold water — this constricts blood vessels and traps heat
- Transport to vet once cooling has started
CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation)
For dogs that have stopped breathing and have no heartbeat:
- A — Airway: Tilt head back gently, open mouth, clear any obstruction
- B — Breathing: Close mouth, seal your lips over nostrils, give 2 rescue breaths (watch chest rise)
- C — Circulation: 30 chest compressions at 100–120/min (rhythm of “Stayin’ Alive”), then 2 breaths. Repeat
- Continue until you reach a vet or the dog regains consciousness
FAQs
When should I go to an emergency vet?
Go immediately if your dog has: difficulty breathing, collapse, suspected poisoning, bloat symptoms, continuous seizures, severe bleeding, inability to urinate, or major trauma. Don’t wait — call ahead so the vet team can prepare. Most practices have an out-of-hours number that redirects to an emergency service.
⚕️ Veterinary Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not replace professional veterinary advice. Always consult a qualified veterinarian for advice specific to your pet. If your pet is unwell, contact your vet or call the Animal PoisonLine (01202 509000) in an emergency.
